Bronte's City/Monuments - Church of San Vito

Church and Convent of San Vito

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SAN VITO

The Church of San Vito and the adjacent convent of the same name are located in the highest part of the town (the Poggio di San Vito) and overlook the large panoramic square near the oldest and longest road in the town: Via Santi which, starting from Piazza Maddalena (now Piazza Nunzio Azzia), reaches the sanctuary of the Annunziata, in the lower part of Bronte.

The building is located on a corner with respect to the square; the typology is typical of a single-nave church with a raised entrance and lava stone stairs, on three sides.

The church is certainly of humble origins; "it had a poor and weak birth" writes Benedetto Radice.

It was initially built where the sacristy and the corridor of the refectory are now and perhaps, as was the custom at the time in Bronte, it was cemented with clay.

No mention is made of either the convent or the church in the report that the bishop of Monreale, Mons. Torres, made on the occasion of his pastoral visit to Bronte in 1574.

The first information on its origins is given by P. Gesualdo De Luca in the History of the City of Bronte. In regretting very much for not having precise information he writes that in the aforementioned marriage registers the day of June 1, 1600 is mentioned and that probably towards the end of 1500 «D. Rocco Papotto, at his own expense built the Church of S. Vito, from which later arose the larger one built by the Observant Fathers.»

The ancient church and the surrounding land a few decades later were, therefore, granted by the Municipality to the Observant Friars Minor of the Order of Saint Francis to build the convent.


Restorations and renovations

The first certain news is from October 1589 when the Archbishop of Monreale, in a new pastoral visit to Bronte, ordered that the altar be removed from the church and from 1592, when the Viceroy Count of Olivares ordered "... that for the construction of said convent the meat tax be granted for three years, which amounts to 25 ounces per year".

From these two dates the small church has undergone numerous restorations and renovations over the centuries:

 it was restructured in 1643 (being prior P. Antonio from Bronte);

 the inside was restored and decorated in 1879 (by Nunzio Capizzi Monachello);

the apse was completely renewed with rich gildings and ornaments in 1880 (by the dean Giuseppe Ardizzone);

the balustrade of the major altar was constructed in 1894 (care of the friar Francesco of Bronte).

A final restoration was recently done (2019/2020) with the arrangement of the roof and the facade, the resurfacing of the flooring and the restoration of the internal plaster. In this last work, simple but precious decorations that embellish the nave were discovered and restored, presumably dating back to the restoration of 1879.

There is no information, however, about the construction of the choristers' area, composed of a solid vaulted volume resting on marble columns (access is exclusively from the adjacent convent).

It is also certain that the view that Agostino Attinà handed down to us in the drawing publi­shed by P. Gesualdo De Luca (History of the City of Bronte, 1883) is, especially in the location of the bell tower, much more beautiful and different from the current form.

It appears from the census of 1714 that there were only 8 friars in the Convent, becoming 10 in that of 1736.


The prospect

San Vito, planimetriaOn the prospect, simple and tidy, concluded at the top with the tympanum just mentio­ned, stand out the black shape of the basaltic portal of beautiful proportions, with floral decorations engraved in bas-relief, and the central prismatic flight of steps in lava stone.


The inside

The inside to one only nave, with apse and cantor' area, has rich gildings and ornaments which reach the maximum deco­ration in the hemispherical part of the apse.

The church has seven altars: to right Sant' Anto­nino, San Vito and San Pasquale; to left San Giuseppe, San Francesco and the Crucifix.

The major altar, adorned with polychrome marble, is consecrated to the Immaculate Virgin (the wooden statue is precious).

On it there are four columns with Corinthian capitals which support the overhang of the frame on which the vault of the dome is set.

In the choir loft (accessible only from inside the convent) you can see a wooden choir with seats and backrests connected at the top by an inlaid frame on small columns and sculpted capitals, a revolving legion on a hexagonal base and a painting on canvas depicting a seated Franciscan monk.

Next to the convent, once upon a time, there was a small cemetery where the poor were buried (the current Via Campo dei Fiori, see the 1850 map below), a right that the University of Bronte had reserved for itself when it handed over the church to the Friars Minor.
 

In the two photos above next to the title, San Vito in a drawing from 1883 and the beautiful portal in lava stone with floral decorations carved in bas-relief. Above as it is today. The unfortunate changes made to the façade are evident. In the 5 photos below: the interior of the church (before a recent restoration) with the apse, the main altar and the Cantoria, resting on marble columns, with a large organ; two images of the vault of the apse after the restoration which brought back ancient decorations and a precious painting, depicting Maria SS. della Purità, preserved in the convent.

A spectacular lava flow from Etna forms the backdrop to the two buildings of Poggio San Vito (Currenti photo); built in an elevated position above the town, the church and convent of San Vito stand out in the Bronte panorama. A map from 1845 ("B" stands for I° Quartiere-Sezione Catena) with, next to the convent, the small cemetery (now via Campo dei Fiori) where the poor were buried, a right that the Universitas of Bronte had reserved for itself when handing over the church to the Friars Minor.

The following are the two photos with the monument erected in front of San Vito dedicated to the Bronte people shot by Bixio and the two plaques walled up on 10 August 2015 next to the convent that commemorate, by grouping them together, the 21 people who either at the hands of the rebels (16) or because of Bixio (5), found death in August 1860.

"At eleven o'clock on the morning (2 August 1860, writes P. Gesualdo De Luca) the bandits and those forced by them gathered together armed on the square of S. Vito. They rang that bell to ring, and quickly divided into two phalanxes they went down into the town". And it was a massacre.

At dawn on 10 August 1860, near the Selva gate, so called because it led into a spacious forest of the convent of San Vito (above in a map of the time), in the presence of the entire population of Bronte, Nino Bixio had the five alleged perpetrators of the massacres and fires of the Bronte Events of 1860 shot.

In their memory, in October 1985, on the occasion of a Conference-trial on the events of 1860, at the foot of the steps leading to the church square, the Municipality erected a monument (see photo left and right).

The two plaques on the front of the monument read: "Ad perpetuam rei memoriam that in August 1860 of Bronte citizens donated their lives in holocaust - Municipal Administration 10 October 1985". The monument to the victims of 1860 is the work of the Bronte sculptor Domenico Girbino

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Translated by Sam Di Bella


     

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